AJAX has become a big part of responsive design for me. I use it to load secondary content into larger viewports to make it easier to find/view than if it is behind a small link in the footer or somewhere like that.
For me the classList API is one of the most useful parts of HTML5. Manipulating classes is an everyday part of JavaScript on the web, but is a cowpath that required a sure foot to tread before before getting the full treatment from the pavers in the form of classList.